Reach participants

Panel providers typically maintain large pools of pre-recruited participants from which they draw. They may actively recruit to fill any gaps, as these lists are typically unrepresentative of the wider population.

Citizens’ assemblies organizers commonly recruit with 2-stage democratic lottery, which involves a round of mailed invitations and then a round of stratified random selection. There is also some use of door-knocking, random phone number dialing, and other recruitment methods. In the global south, where the infrastructure that these approaches rely on can be scarce, alternative in-person methods have been used.